Mining and quarrying
coal
noun
used for talking about the industry of digging coal out of the ground
coalface
noun
the part of a coal mine where coal is being dug under the ground
coalfield
noun
an area where there are layers of coal under the ground that are suitable for mining
coal mine
noun
a place where coal is dug from under the ground
coal miner
noun
someone who digs coal in a coal mine
coal mining
noun
the industry of digging coal out of the ground
colliery
noun
a coal mine and the buildings around it
fracking
noun
a method of mining in which cracks are created in a type of rock called shale in order to obtain gas, oil, or other substances that are inside it
gallery
noun
an underground passage in a mine or cave
goldmine
noun
a place under the ground where there are rocks containing gold
gold rush
noun
a period in the past when a lot of people went to a place where gold had been discovered in order to become rich
lode
noun
an amount of metal ore in the earth
mine
noun
a large hole or tunnel in the ground from which people take coal, gold etc
mine
verb
to dig a large hole or tunnel in the ground in order to get coal, gold etc, or to take coal, gold etc from such a hole or tunnel
miner
noun
someone whose job is to dig coal, gold etc from the ground
mineral
noun
a natural substance in the earth, for example coal, salt, gold, or diamonds
mineshaft
noun
a vertical tunnel in a mine with lifts inside that carry the workers up and down
mining
noun
the process of getting coal or metal from under the ground
mother lode
noun
a very large amount of gold, silver, coal etc under the ground
opencast
adjective
an opencast mine is a mine where coal is dug from a large hole in the ground, rather than from a tunnel far under the ground
pan
noun
a large flat bowl used for separating gold from other substances in the ground using water
pan
verb
to try to find small pieces of gold among stones by washing the stones in a pan
pit
noun
a mine under the ground, especially a coal mine
pit
noun
a very large hole dug in the ground in order to obtain a particular substance or type of stone
pithead
noun
the buildings around the entrance to a mine
pit pony
noun
a small horse used in coal mines in the past
prospect
verb
to search for gold, oil, or another valuable substance
prospector
noun
someone who searches an area of land or water for gold, oil etc
quarry
noun
a place where stone is dug out of the ground. A place where coal or minerals are dug out of the ground is called a mine
quarry
verb
to dig stone out of the ground
seam
noun
a long thin layer of something such as coal under the ground
shaft
noun
a long narrow passage, for example one that leads from the surface of the ground down to a mine
slag
noun
waste that is produced after coal or a metal has been taken out of the earth and processed
slag heap
noun
a large pile of waste produced after coal or a metal has been taken out of the earth and processed
slurry
noun
a mixture of water and something such as waste from animals or coal dust
strike
verb
to find something such as gold or oil by digging or drilling
strike
noun
a discovery of something such as gold or oil by digging or drilling
strip mine
noun
an opencast mine
vein
noun
a layer of a metal or other substance inside the earth
work
verb
if someone works a mine or a quarry, they dig substances such as gold or stone out of it
workings
noun
the parts of a mine where coal or another substance has been dug out of the ground
sink a mine/well/hole etc
to dig a deep hole in the ground