noun

the effect that something such as a drug or chemical has

verb

if a solid substance adsorbs a liquid or gas, a very thin layer of the liquid or gas forms on its surface

verb

to force air into a liquid, for example in order to provide oxygen

noun

a chemical test to establish what a substance contains

noun

a chemical equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on each side of the equation

verb

if a chemical substance, metal etc behaves in a particular way, it always reacts in that way because of the laws of science

noun

the way that a substance, metal etc always reacts because of the laws of science

noun

a force that holds atoms or ions together in a molecule

verb

to become hard, or to make something hard by adding a substance that contains calcium

noun

a reaction that is believed to produce energy in some stars, in which carbon is used as a catalyst to combine four hydrogen nuclei into one helium nucleus

verb

to make a chemical reaction happen more quickly

noun

a series of chemical or physical reactions, each one of which causes the next one

noun

the development of new chemical substances and processes that can be used in industry

noun

a change that happens when chemicals combine and form different substances

noun

the chemistry of a plant, animal, or thing is its structure and the reactions that take place within it

noun

a chemical bond between two atoms produced when electrons are shared

a British spelling of crystallize

verb

to change into crystals, or to make something change into crystals

verb

if a chemical compound dehydrates, it loses hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the ratio 2:1

noun

the process by which a chemical compound loses hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the ratio 2:1

verb

to get a chemical substance from another substance

verb

to make a liquid more pure by heating it until it becomes a gas and then making it colder so that it becomes a liquid again

verb

to obtain liquid or oil from a plant using a similar process

the American spelling of distil

noun

a chemical bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons

noun

the process of sending electricity through a liquid or melted substance in order to cause chemical changes

noun

a statement that uses symbols to show the changes that take place in a chemical reaction

verb

to remove a substance from another substance

verb

if food or drink ferments or is fermented, a chemical change happens to it and the sugar in it produces alcohol

noun

the process of removing solid parts that are not wanted from a liquid or gas by passing it through a filter

noun

the series of processes in which food is grown, treated, stored, and sold

noun

an exact description of the chemical elements that make up a particular substance or compound, written with chemical symbols

verb

to prepare a product by combining substances or chemicals in the right amounts

noun

a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound reacts with water and separates into two or more different compounds. An example of this is when the body produces sugar from starch.

noun

the amount of a chemical or another substance that enters your body

noun

a chemical bond that is formed between two ions with opposite charges, when one or more electrons are passed from one atom to another

a British spelling of ionize

verb

to form ions, or to make ions form

verb

to remove a chemical or mineral from something such as soil as a result of water passing through it, or to be removed by this process

noun

the amount of a chemical in another substance

noun

a test of a chemical substance using litmus paper

a British spelling of neutralize

verb

if a chemical neutralizes a substance, it makes it neither an acid nor a base

noun

the process by which a substance combines with oxygen or loses hydrogen

a British spelling of oxidize

verb

if a substance oxidizes, or if something oxidizes it, it combines with oxygen or loses hydrogen

verb

to put oxygen into something

noun

the process in which green plants combine carbon dioxide and water, by using energy from light, to produce their own food

verb

if a solid substance precipitates, or if something precipitates it, it becomes separate from the liquid that it is in and drops to the bottom of the container

noun

the process by which a solid substance separates, or is separated from, a liquid it is in

noun

the addition of a chemical substance to food or wood in order to prevent it from decaying

noun

the natural process of making a substance

verb

if a chemical substance reacts with another substance, it changes as they are mixed together

noun

a process in which a chemical change happens

noun

a chemical reaction that produces an increase in hydrogen or a loss of oxygen

noun

the process of removing things from a natural substance so that it is pure

verb

to mix as much of a solid substance in a chemical solution as you can so that it becomes part of the liquid

noun

the state of a chemical solution that has reached its saturation point

noun

the point at which a chemical solution has as much of a solid substance as possible mixed in it as part of the liquid

noun

the process by which a sediment is formed

verb

to add colour to something in order to make it easier to examine under a microscope

noun

the natural or artificial production of a substance by a chemical or biological reaction

a British spelling of synthesize

verb

to produce a new substance as a result of a chemical or biological reaction involving two or more simpler substances

noun

a way of calculating how much of a substance has been dissolved (=mixed) in a solution by adding measured amounts of another substance that it reacts with until a chemical reaction takes place

noun

a process in which living creatures use substances such as food or water to breathe, produce energy etc

noun

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