Quick Reference

Back to ELT Terms

A-C D-F G-I J-L M-P Q-S T-Z

 

W
Weak forms / Citation forms Some words have two pronunciations:
  1. The weak form, which is used in normal conversation.
  2. The citation form, such as when you say the word on its own (e.g. reading it from a dictionary) or when emphazing it.
Example:
was
  1. Weak form: the a of was is like the e in absent (a schwa or neutral vowel sound, not an e sound!).
  2. Citation form: the a is like the o in hot.
The weak form is used when no emphasis is necessary.
A: Where were you this morning?
B: I was in a meeting.

The citation form is used when the word is emphasized:
A: You weren’t at the meeting this morning.
B: Yes, I was.